How Finland Slashed Homelessness by 40%
Comments
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Do you have a quote from me or are you making shit up as usual? And no, I don't need the government to move homeless people from me and me neighbors property. We can easily do it ourselves.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages. -
The free market would easily take are of it. But you’d cry like a bitch.2001400ex said:
But why the government intervention? Shouldn't the free market take care of it like everything else?PurpleThrobber said:Gwad said:
Disagree.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
How many homeless junkies are in your guest room?
Shitting in public places has nothing to do with liberty. It’s uncivilized. Spreading disease is not the pursuit or exercise of liberty.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages.
If they can’t abide by common decency, they should live in the wild where they can shit in the woods with bears. -
Yes, you supported government intervention in the homeless population. Keep up Mike.MikeDamone said:
Do you have a quote from me or are you making shit up as usual? And no, I don't need the government to move homeless people from me and me neighbors property. We can easily do it ourselves.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages. -
Then why hasn't the free market fixed it?MikeDamone said:
The free market would easily take are of it. But you’d cry like a bitch.2001400ex said:
But why the government intervention? Shouldn't the free market take care of it like everything else?PurpleThrobber said:Gwad said:
Disagree.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
How many homeless junkies are in your guest room?
Shitting in public places has nothing to do with liberty. It’s uncivilized. Spreading disease is not the pursuit or exercise of liberty.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages.
If they can’t abide by common decency, they should live in the wild where they can shit in the woods with bears. -
Link? If you’re talking about the Oregon DOT, then you’re a dumbshit because I support the right of anyone to keep the bums off their land, government or private.2001400ex said:
Yes, you supported government intervention in the homeless population. Keep up Mike.MikeDamone said:
Do you have a quote from me or are you making shit up as usual? And no, I don't need the government to move homeless people from me and me neighbors property. We can easily do it ourselves.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages. -
You know why.2001400ex said:
Then why hasn't the free market fixed it?MikeDamone said:
The free market would easily take are of it. But you’d cry like a bitch.2001400ex said:
But why the government intervention? Shouldn't the free market take care of it like everything else?PurpleThrobber said:Gwad said:
Disagree.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
How many homeless junkies are in your guest room?
Shitting in public places has nothing to do with liberty. It’s uncivilized. Spreading disease is not the pursuit or exercise of liberty.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages.
If they can’t abide by common decency, they should live in the wild where they can shit in the woods with bears. -
Or maybe they could, because the house would quickly become a distribution center and the homeless guy now not homeless would be running it ... at until his brain turned to complete mush and couldn't even manage that.dflea said:Most of the people on the streets are homeless because they're drug addicts and/or crazy. If a fucking house cost $275, they couldn't afford that, either.
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Word.PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages. -
Seriously? I haven't been to downtown Bellevue in a while. That's unfortunate.Doog_de_Jour said:
Oh homelessness is heading to the Eastside my friend. More and more in Bellevue all the time.creepycoug said:
Seattle is being overrun. No doubt about it.SFGbob said:Btw, has anyone been to LA lately and driven around town? Talk about a fucking bum explosion. I've not been to Seattle in years but LA is being over run.
Not on the east side ... really at all. But Seattle proper absolutely. From SoDo all the way to Belltown and lower Queen Anne. -
MikeDamone said:
Do you have a quote from me or are you making shit up as usual? And no, I don't need the government to move homeless people from me and me neighbors property. We can easily do it ourselves.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages.
Do you move them before or after you shoot them dead?
Axing for a fren with a compound....
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Dupe
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Doing fine up here.YellowSnow said:
U should b. It's fucking gross up here right now.Pitchfork51 said:
Sad, really.YellowSnow said:
I get a rat in my garage about 1 to 2 times a year. The old Victor traps work great. But I fear I am going to get typhus or plague once the LA rats make their way up to Seattle.SFGbob said:Btw, has anyone been to LA lately and driven around town? Talk about a fucking bum explosion. I've not been to Seattle in years but LA is being over run.
I fucking hate medieval diseases and measles too (hi @MikeDamone )
Worried about u -
If it were truly free, the hand would solve the problem with a baseball bat to the back of the skull.Southerndawg said:
Actually it would under the right circumstances.PurpleThrobber said:
The free hand of capitalism doesn’t scoop shit off public sidewalks.2001400ex said:
But why the government intervention? Shouldn't the free market take care of it like everything else?PurpleThrobber said:Gwad said:
Disagree.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
How many homeless junkies are in your guest room?
Shitting in public places has nothing to do with liberty. It’s uncivilized. Spreading disease is not the pursuit or exercise of liberty.2001400ex said:
Oh so you and Mike are only a liberation if homeless people are moved away from your town by the government?PurpleThrobber said:
If people want to be homeless, they can abide by the same set of rules and laws of society as the rest of us.2001400ex said:PurpleThrobber said:
We should cyber - I can tell you nightmare tales of this shit.creepycoug said:
Shit, we're going to at least semi-agree on this too.SFGbob said:Here's how you cut homelessness. Enforce vagrancy laws. Don't allow people to camp on the side walks and public parks. If you're mentally ill you should institutionalized. Enforce all laws prohibiting people for doing drugs in public. Get rid of all needle exchange programs. Get rid of all homeless feeding and give-away programs. Enforce all public urination and defecation prohibitions. Start arresting and prosecuting people again for property crimes.
As much as it pains me to say it though, Hondo may be partially right in that the places these people need to go - institutions and jail - require funding. Prisons fill up fast. I'm old enough to remember the Reagan/Bush war on drugs where we were putting dudes away for extended periods of time for selling pot to other stoners within some distance of a school, judicial sentencing discretion revoked for certain offenses, and we wound up having to let out pretty violent people early to make room for the drug guys doing mandatory long sentences.
But all that being as it may, making it comfortable and easy to be homeless isn't the answer. It seems to be the humane thing to do ... but in the final analysis it's not.
The other hurdle you have with institutions is the civil rights crowd and the issue of institutionalizing people against their will.
The cleanups are a waste of time. They had a big raid in Pioneer Square a month or so back, and a lot of the crazies aren't sleeping here anymore - although they come around because of the two Union Gospel Missions withing 5 blocks of one another - but all they did was relocate and make some other place in Seattle a shit hole.
Even from the Compound, this shit hits home.
UGM at least makes the bums clean up and get sober.
That's not very libertarian of you. If people want to be homeless. Let them.
People shit on the sidewalk or shoot up in parks and libraries - fuck that. Not a lot of tax dollars being derived from junkies to pay for those places. They need to go hunker down in the forest if they want to act like savages.
If they can’t abide by common decency, they should live in the wild where they can shit in the woods with bears. -
Cashews are damn tasty though. I can see how one could become addicted to those savory little bastards.MikeDamone said:
Because they aren’t addicted to heroin and/or nuts?SFGbob said:
Isn't it odd that LA County has taken in hundreds of thousands of new immigrants both illegal and legal in the last 10 years yet very few if any of them are part of Los Angeles homeless population. For some reasons they've all been able to find a place to live. How can that be when we're told that homelessness is caused by a lack of affordable housing?MikeDamone said:Why do you shit dicks not know we already have free and low cost housing for the poor.
Also, the major reason for homelessness isn’t low wages or the cost of housing. Fuck off. -
In Oregon, there is every incentive for developers and existing property owners to offer low income housing and build new ones. But there is only so much real estate close to downtown core areas and developers make much better margin with single family housing developments. Although Portland is now regulating certain zones where any new construction must be multi family housing. That may be the only solution to get inventory up.RaceBannon said:We should focus on the real issue which is over regulation and lack of housing stock making it harder and harder for working people to buy and in some cases rent
Governments always talk about affordable housing while they actively make it less affordable and blame the builder.
Crazy people gonna be crazy. We decided to stop warehousing them (Reagan!!!!!!!!) and let them free and this is what we get
Yes they need a house first but what kind?
Of course at the end of the day, there will be never be enough inventory, given that the powers that be on the West Coast are begging for illegal immigrants to fill their cities.
