Stockholm syndrome, or capture-bonding, is a psychological phenomenon in which hostages express empathy and sympathy and have positive feelings toward their captors, sometimes to the point of defending and identifying with them. These feelings are generally considered irrational in light of the danger or risk endured by the victims, who essentially mistake a lack of abuse from their captors for an act of kindness.[1][2] The FBI's Hostage Barricade Database System shows that roughly 8% of victims show evidence of Stockholm syndrome.[3]
Stockholm syndrome can be seen as a form of traumatic bonding, which does not necessarily require a hostage scenario, but which describes "strong emotional ties that develop between two persons where one person intermittently harasses, beats, threatens, abuses, or intimidates the other."[4] One commonly used hypothesis to explain the effect of Stockholm syndrome is based on Freudian theory. It suggests that the bonding is the individual's response to trauma in becoming a victim. Identifying with the aggressor is one way that the ego defends itself. When a victim believes the same values as the aggressor, they cease to be a threat.[5]
Battered-person syndrome is an example of activating the capture-bonding psychological mechanism, as are military basic training and fraternity bonding by hazing.[dubious – discuss].[6][7][8]
Stockholm syndrome is sometimes erroneously referred to as Helsinki syndrome.[9][10] Helsinki syndrome is more of a case of group think and inattentional blindness to the negative in order to achieve some perceived benefit, a reference to the non-binding Helsinki Accords that attempted to settle post WWII Cold War tensions.
Contents 1 History 2 Evolutionary explanations 3 In economics 4 Lima syndrome 5 Oslo syndrome 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links History[edit]
Kreditbanken at Norrmalmstorg, Stockholm, Sweden. Stockholm syndrome is named after the Norrmalmstorg robbery of Kreditbanken at Norrmalmstorg in Stockholm, Sweden, in which several bank employees were held hostage in a bank vault from August 23 to 28, 1973, while their captors negotiated with police. During this standoff, the victims became emotionally attached to their captors, rejected assistance from government officials at one point, and even defended their captors after they were freed from their six-day ordeal.[11] The term was coined by the criminologist and psychiatrist Nils Bejerot as "Norrmalmstorgssyndromet" (Swedish) but it became known as "Stockholm Syndrome" abroad.[12] It was originally defined by psychiatrist Frank Ochberg to aid the management of hostage situations.[13]
Evolutionary explanations[edit] In the view of evolutionary psychology, "the mind is a set of information-processing machines that were designed by natural selection to solve adaptive problems faced by our hunter-gatherer ancestors."[14]
One of the "adaptive problems faced by our hunter-gatherer ancestors", particularly females, was being abducted by another band. Life in the human "environment of evolutionary adaptiveness" (EEA) is thought by researchers such as Israeli military historian Azar Gat to be similar to that of the few remaining hunter-gatherer societies. "Deadly violence is also regularly activated in competition over women. . . . Abduction of women, rape, ... are widespread direct causes of reproductive conflict ..."[15] Being captured[16] and having their dependent children killed might have been fairly common.[17] Women who resisted capture in such situations risked being killed.[18]
Azar Gat argues that war and abductions (capture) were typical of human pre-history.[15] When selection is intense and persistent, adaptive traits (such as capture-bonding) become universal to the population or species.
Partial activation of the capture-bonding psychological trait may lie behind battered-wife syndrome, military basic training, fraternity hazing, and sex practices such as sadism/masochism or bondage/discipline.[6] Being captured by neighbouring tribes was a relatively common event for women in human history, if anything like the recent history of the few remaining primitive tribes. In some of those tribes (Yanomamo, for instance) practically everyone in the tribe is descended from a captive within the last three generations. Perhaps as high as one in ten of females were abducted and incorporated into the tribe that captured them.[6]
In economics[edit] In June 2012, at the 9th International Conference on Developments in Economic Theory and Policy, in Bilbao, organised by the Department of Applied Economics of the Spanish University of the Basque Country and the British Cambridge Centre for Economic and Public Policy, Department of Land Economy of the University of Cambridge, the concept of Stockholm syndrome was introduced in economics referring to governments that have been "kidnapped" by financial capital because of their need to refinance public debt. They are coerced into accepting high interest rates and conditions that compromise their sovereignty.[citation needed][19][broken citation]
Lima syndrome[edit] A converse of Stockholm syndrome called Lima syndrome has been proposed, in which abductors develop sympathy for their hostages. There's many reasons why Lima Syndrome can develop in abductors. Sometimes when there are multiple abductors, one or more of them will start to disagree with what they are doing and influence one another, or they just begin to feel bad and don't have the heart to continue hurting their innocent captives. [20] Lima Syndrome was named after an abduction at the Japanese Embassy in Lima, Peru, in 1996, when members of a militant movement took hostage hundreds of people attending a party at the official residence of Japan's ambassador. Within a few hours, the abductors had set free most of the hostages, including the most valuable ones, owing to having sympathy towards them.[21][22]
Oslo syndrome[edit] A corollary of the Stockholm syndrome, was proposed by Kenneth Levin in his 2005 book The Oslo Syndrome: Delusions of a People Under Siege in which he argued that the syndrome can afflict an entire people.[23][24][25][26]
I'm giving you the benefit of the doubt that this is a rhetorical question. If you really can't figure that out... then by god you certainly should not be writing on topics that include race.
Meky , « adaptiv khndirneri mer hunter- gatherer nakhninery », masnavorapes kanants’, er arrevangvel e mek ayl khmbi. Kyank’y mardu « shrjaka mijavayri evolyuts’ion adaptiveness » ( YeMT) , vory mtatsum , yst hetazotoghneri , inch’pisik’ yen Israyeli rrazmakan patmaban Azar Gat linel nman e, vor mi k’ani mnats’ats hunter- gatherer hasarakut’yunnerum. «Mahats’u brrnut’yun e naev parberabar aktivanum e mrts’akts’ut’yan shurj kanants’ .... Hap’shtakum kanants’ brrnabarut’yan , ... shat taratsvats ughghaki patcharrnery verartadroghakan hakamartut’yan ...» [15] gravel [16] yev unen irents’ kakhvats yerekhanery spanvel karogh arden bavakanin taratsvats : [17 ] kanayk’, ovk’yer dimadrum gravman nman iravichaknerum vtangelov yen spanel : [ 18]
Azar Gata pndum e, vor paterazmnery yev abductions ( havak’agrman ) ein bnorosh mardkayin nakhapatmut’yuny. [15 ] Yerb yntrut’yuny intensiv yev hetevoghakan , harmarvoghakan hatkanishner (orinak, Severrel - bonding ) Darrnal universal bnakch’ut’yany kam tesakneri.
Masnaki aktivats’umy gravman - bonding hogebanakan gits karogh e sut yetevum tsetsi kiny sindrom , rrazmakan bazayin dasynt’ats’ , Yeghbayrut’yan kanonadrakan yev serrakan p’vordzi , inch’pisik’ yen sadizmi / mazokhizmi kam gerut’yun / kargapahut’yan [ 6] gravel harevan ts’yegheri er hamematabar taratsvats mijots’arrum kanants’ hamar mardkut’yan patmut’yan mej, yet’ye nman ban verjin patmut’yan mej mi k’ani mnats’ats parzunak ts’yegheri. Isk vorosh ts’yegheri ( Yanomamo , orinak), gortsnakanum bolory ts’yeghin e ijnum e geru ynt’ats’k’um verjin yerek’ serundneri hamar. T’yerevs aynk’an bardzr, inch’pes meky tasy kanants’ , voronk’ arrevangvel yen yev nerarrvum yen ts’yeghin , vory gravel e nrants’ : [ 6]
Tntesagitut’yan [khmbagrel] Hunisin 2012 t’ - in, 9 - rd mijazgayin gitazhoghov zargats’umneri veraberyal tntesagitut’yan tesut’yan yev k’aghak’akanut’yan Bilbao k’aghak’um , vory kazmakerpvel er fakulteti kirarrakan tntesagitakan Ispaniayi hamalsarani Baskeri yerkrum yev Britanakan K’yembriji kentroni tntesakan yev hasarakakan k’aghak’akanut’yan varch’ut’yan Land ekonomikayi hamalsarani K’yembrij , hayets’akargy Stokholmi sindromi nerdrvel e tntesut’yan , vkayakoch’yelov karravarut’yunnerin , voronk’ « arrevangel » e finansakan kapitali , k’ani vor irents’ petk’ e refinance petakan partk’y . Nrank’ stipel yen yndunum bardzr tokosadruyk’nery yev paymannery, voronk’ p’vokhzijman irents’ ink’nishkhanut’yuny [ Citation needed] [19 ] [ kotrvats mejberum ]
Lima sindrom [khmbagrel] A Konvers Stokholmi sindromi , vory koch’vum e Lima sindrom e arrajarkvel , vori Arrevangoghnery zargats’nel hamakrank’y irents’ patandneri. Ka shat patcharrner, t’ye inch’u Lima Syndrome karogh e zarganal Arrevangoghnery . Yerbemn, yerb kan bazmat’iv Arrevangoghnery , mek kam aveli nrants’its’ ksksi ch’hamadzaynel , t’ye inch’ yen anum, yev azdets’ut’yuny meky myusin, kam nrank’ parzapes sksum yen zgal , vat , yev ch’yen sirty sharunakelu vnasum yen irents’ anmegh gerinerin . [20] Lima Syndrome stats’av ayn banits’ heto, arrevangman e Chaponiayi despanut’yan Lima, Peru, 1996 t’ - in, yerb andamnery rrazmakan sharzhman ein patand haryuravor mardik hachakhum kusakts’ut’yan pashtonakan nstavayrum Chaponiayi despan . Mi k’ani zham e, vor Arrevangoghnery ein azat ardzakel mets patandnerin, ayd t’vum arravel arzhek’avor yen, shnorhiv unenalu hamakrank’y nrants’ nkatmamb : [ 21] [22]
Oslo sindrom [khmbagrel] A corollary e Stokholmi sindromi , vory arrajarkvel e K’yenet’ Levin ir 2005 grk’um Oslo Syndrome : Delusions mi Mardik pasharvats , vortegh na pndum e, vor sindromy karogh e vshtats’nel mi amboghj zhoghovrdi : [ 23] [24 ] [25 ] [ 26 ]
Meky , « adaptiv khndirneri mer hunter- gatherer nakhninery », masnavorapes kanants’, er arrevangvel e mek ayl khmbi. Kyank’y mardu « shrjaka mijavayri evolyuts’ion adaptiveness » ( YeMT) , vory mtatsum , yst hetazotoghneri , inch’pisik’ yen Israyeli rrazmakan patmaban Azar Gat linel nman e, vor mi k’ani mnats’ats hunter- gatherer hasarakut’yunnerum. «Mahats’u brrnut’yun e naev parberabar aktivanum e mrts’akts’ut’yan shurj kanants’ .... Hap’shtakum kanants’ brrnabarut’yan , ... shat taratsvats ughghaki patcharrnery verartadroghakan hakamartut’yan ...» [15] gravel [16] yev unen irents’ kakhvats yerekhanery spanvel karogh arden bavakanin taratsvats : [17 ] kanayk’, ovk’yer dimadrum gravman nman iravichaknerum vtangelov yen spanel : [ 18]
Azar Gata pndum e, vor paterazmnery yev abductions ( havak’agrman ) ein bnorosh mardkayin nakhapatmut’yuny. [15 ] Yerb yntrut’yuny intensiv yev hetevoghakan , harmarvoghakan hatkanishner (orinak, Severrel - bonding ) Darrnal universal bnakch’ut’yany kam tesakneri.
Masnaki aktivats’umy gravman - bonding hogebanakan gits karogh e sut yetevum tsetsi kiny sindrom , rrazmakan bazayin dasynt’ats’ , Yeghbayrut’yan kanonadrakan yev serrakan p’vordzi , inch’pisik’ yen sadizmi / mazokhizmi kam gerut’yun / kargapahut’yan [ 6] gravel harevan ts’yegheri er hamematabar taratsvats mijots’arrum kanants’ hamar mardkut’yan patmut’yan mej, yet’ye nman ban verjin patmut’yan mej mi k’ani mnats’ats parzunak ts’yegheri. Isk vorosh ts’yegheri ( Yanomamo , orinak), gortsnakanum bolory ts’yeghin e ijnum e geru ynt’ats’k’um verjin yerek’ serundneri hamar. T’yerevs aynk’an bardzr, inch’pes meky tasy kanants’ , voronk’ arrevangvel yen yev nerarrvum yen ts’yeghin , vory gravel e nrants’ : [ 6]
Tntesagitut’yan [khmbagrel] Hunisin 2012 t’ - in, 9 - rd mijazgayin gitazhoghov zargats’umneri veraberyal tntesagitut’yan tesut’yan yev k’aghak’akanut’yan Bilbao k’aghak’um , vory kazmakerpvel er fakulteti kirarrakan tntesagitakan Ispaniayi hamalsarani Baskeri yerkrum yev Britanakan K’yembriji kentroni tntesakan yev hasarakakan k’aghak’akanut’yan varch’ut’yan Land ekonomikayi hamalsarani K’yembrij , hayets’akargy Stokholmi sindromi nerdrvel e tntesut’yan , vkayakoch’yelov karravarut’yunnerin , voronk’ « arrevangel » e finansakan kapitali , k’ani vor irents’ petk’ e refinance petakan partk’y . Nrank’ stipel yen yndunum bardzr tokosadruyk’nery yev paymannery, voronk’ p’vokhzijman irents’ ink’nishkhanut’yuny [ Citation needed] [19 ] [ kotrvats mejberum ]
Lima sindrom [khmbagrel] A Konvers Stokholmi sindromi , vory koch’vum e Lima sindrom e arrajarkvel , vori Arrevangoghnery zargats’nel hamakrank’y irents’ patandneri. Ka shat patcharrner, t’ye inch’u Lima Syndrome karogh e zarganal Arrevangoghnery . Yerbemn, yerb kan bazmat’iv Arrevangoghnery , mek kam aveli nrants’its’ ksksi ch’hamadzaynel , t’ye inch’ yen anum, yev azdets’ut’yuny meky myusin, kam nrank’ parzapes sksum yen zgal , vat , yev ch’yen sirty sharunakelu vnasum yen irents’ anmegh gerinerin . [20] Lima Syndrome stats’av ayn banits’ heto, arrevangman e Chaponiayi despanut’yan Lima, Peru, 1996 t’ - in, yerb andamnery rrazmakan sharzhman ein patand haryuravor mardik hachakhum kusakts’ut’yan pashtonakan nstavayrum Chaponiayi despan . Mi k’ani zham e, vor Arrevangoghnery ein azat ardzakel mets patandnerin, ayd t’vum arravel arzhek’avor yen, shnorhiv unenalu hamakrank’y nrants’ nkatmamb : [ 21] [22]
Oslo sindrom [khmbagrel] A corollary e Stokholmi sindromi , vory arrajarkvel e K’yenet’ Levin ir 2005 grk’um Oslo Syndrome : Delusions mi Mardik pasharvats , vortegh na pndum e, vor sindromy karogh e vshtats’nel mi amboghj zhoghovrdi : [ 23] [24 ] [25 ] [ 26 ]
Stuckhulm syndrume-a, oor ceptoore-a-bundeeng, is a psychulugeecel phenumenun in vheech husteges ixpress impethy und sympethy und hefe-a puseetife-a feeleengs tooerd zeeur cepturs, sumeteemes tu zee pueent ooff deffendeeng und identeeffying veet zeem. Zeese-a feeleengs ere-a generelly cunseedered irreshunel in leeght ooff zee dunger oor reesk indoored by zee feectims, vhu issenteeelly meesteke-a a leck ooff eboose-a frum zeeur cepturs fur un ect ooff keendness.[1][2] Zee FBI's Hustege-a Berreecede-a Detebese-a System shoos thet ruooghly 8% ooff feectims shoo ifeedence-a ooff Stuckhulm syndrume-a.[3] Stuckhulm syndrume-a cun be-a seee es a furm ooff troometeec bundeeng, vheech dues nut necessereely reqooure-a a hustege-a scenereeu, boot vheech descreebes &qoout;strung imushunel teees thet defelup betveee tvu persuns vhere-a oone-a persun intermeettently heresses, beets, threetens, ebooses, oor inteemidetes zee oozeer.&qoout;[4] Oone-a cummunly used hypuzeesees tu ixpleeen zee iffffect ooff Stuckhulm syndrume-a is besed oon Freoodeeun zeeury. It sooggests thet zee bundeeng is zee indeefidooel's respunse-a tu trooma in becumeeng a feectim. Identeeffying veet zee eggressur is oone-a vey thet zee igu deffends itselff. Vhee a feectim beleeefes zee seme-a felooes es zee eggressur, zeey ceese-a tu be-a a threet.[5] Bettered-persun syndrume-a is un ixemple-a ooff ecteefeting zee ceptoore-a-bundeeng psychulugeecel mechuneesm, es ere-a meelitery beseec treeening und freterneety bundeeng by hezeeng.[doobeeuoos – deescooss].[6][7][8] Stuckhulm syndrume-a is sumeteemes irruneuoosly refferred tu es Helseenki syndrume-a.[9][10] Helseenki syndrume-a is mure-a ooff a cese-a ooff gruoop theenk und inettenshunel bleendness tu zee negeteefe-a in oorder tu echeeefe-a sume-a perceeefed beneffeet, a refference-a tu zee nun-beending Helseenki Eccurds thet ettempted tu settle-a pust VVII Culd Ver tenseeuns. Bork Bork Bork!
Comments
Stockholm syndrome can be seen as a form of traumatic bonding, which does not necessarily require a hostage scenario, but which describes "strong emotional ties that develop between two persons where one person intermittently harasses, beats, threatens, abuses, or intimidates the other."[4] One commonly used hypothesis to explain the effect of Stockholm syndrome is based on Freudian theory. It suggests that the bonding is the individual's response to trauma in becoming a victim. Identifying with the aggressor is one way that the ego defends itself. When a victim believes the same values as the aggressor, they cease to be a threat.[5]
Battered-person syndrome is an example of activating the capture-bonding psychological mechanism, as are military basic training and fraternity bonding by hazing.[dubious – discuss].[6][7][8]
Stockholm syndrome is sometimes erroneously referred to as Helsinki syndrome.[9][10] Helsinki syndrome is more of a case of group think and inattentional blindness to the negative in order to achieve some perceived benefit, a reference to the non-binding Helsinki Accords that attempted to settle post WWII Cold War tensions.
Contents
1 History
2 Evolutionary explanations
3 In economics
4 Lima syndrome
5 Oslo syndrome
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
Kreditbanken at Norrmalmstorg, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stockholm syndrome is named after the Norrmalmstorg robbery of Kreditbanken at Norrmalmstorg in Stockholm, Sweden, in which several bank employees were held hostage in a bank vault from August 23 to 28, 1973, while their captors negotiated with police. During this standoff, the victims became emotionally attached to their captors, rejected assistance from government officials at one point, and even defended their captors after they were freed from their six-day ordeal.[11] The term was coined by the criminologist and psychiatrist Nils Bejerot as "Norrmalmstorgssyndromet" (Swedish) but it became known as "Stockholm Syndrome" abroad.[12] It was originally defined by psychiatrist Frank Ochberg to aid the management of hostage situations.[13]
Evolutionary explanations[edit]
In the view of evolutionary psychology, "the mind is a set of information-processing machines that were designed by natural selection to solve adaptive problems faced by our hunter-gatherer ancestors."[14]
One of the "adaptive problems faced by our hunter-gatherer ancestors", particularly females, was being abducted by another band. Life in the human "environment of evolutionary adaptiveness" (EEA) is thought by researchers such as Israeli military historian Azar Gat to be similar to that of the few remaining hunter-gatherer societies. "Deadly violence is also regularly activated in competition over women. . . . Abduction of women, rape, ... are widespread direct causes of reproductive conflict ..."[15] Being captured[16] and having their dependent children killed might have been fairly common.[17] Women who resisted capture in such situations risked being killed.[18]
Azar Gat argues that war and abductions (capture) were typical of human pre-history.[15] When selection is intense and persistent, adaptive traits (such as capture-bonding) become universal to the population or species.
Partial activation of the capture-bonding psychological trait may lie behind battered-wife syndrome, military basic training, fraternity hazing, and sex practices such as sadism/masochism or bondage/discipline.[6] Being captured by neighbouring tribes was a relatively common event for women in human history, if anything like the recent history of the few remaining primitive tribes. In some of those tribes (Yanomamo, for instance) practically everyone in the tribe is descended from a captive within the last three generations. Perhaps as high as one in ten of females were abducted and incorporated into the tribe that captured them.[6]
In economics[edit]
In June 2012, at the 9th International Conference on Developments in Economic Theory and Policy, in Bilbao, organised by the Department of Applied Economics of the Spanish University of the Basque Country and the British Cambridge Centre for Economic and Public Policy, Department of Land Economy of the University of Cambridge, the concept of Stockholm syndrome was introduced in economics referring to governments that have been "kidnapped" by financial capital because of their need to refinance public debt. They are coerced into accepting high interest rates and conditions that compromise their sovereignty.[citation needed][19][broken citation]
Lima syndrome[edit]
A converse of Stockholm syndrome called Lima syndrome has been proposed, in which abductors develop sympathy for their hostages. There's many reasons why Lima Syndrome can develop in abductors. Sometimes when there are multiple abductors, one or more of them will start to disagree with what they are doing and influence one another, or they just begin to feel bad and don't have the heart to continue hurting their innocent captives. [20] Lima Syndrome was named after an abduction at the Japanese Embassy in Lima, Peru, in 1996, when members of a militant movement took hostage hundreds of people attending a party at the official residence of Japan's ambassador. Within a few hours, the abductors had set free most of the hostages, including the most valuable ones, owing to having sympathy towards them.[21][22]
Oslo syndrome[edit]
A corollary of the Stockholm syndrome, was proposed by Kenneth Levin in his 2005 book The Oslo Syndrome: Delusions of a People Under Siege in which he argued that the syndrome can afflict an entire people.[23][24][25][26]
Hardy har har! Comedy fucking gold!!!!
Stockholm sindromy , kam Severrel - bonding , vory hogebanakan yerevuyt’ e, vory patand haytnum empathy u hamakrank’y , yev unen drakan zgats’munk’nery depi irents’ captors , yerbemn ayn astichan, pashtpanelu yev bats’ahaytman het. Ays zgats’umnery , voronk’ , yndhanur arrmamb, hamarvum irrats’ional luysi nerk’vo vtangi kam rriski aprel e zoheri , voronk’ , yst eut’yan, skhal bats’akayut’yuny ch’arashahelu irents’ captors mi arark’i hamar, barut’yamb : [1] [2] vor HDB - i patand Barricade Database hamakargy ts’uyts’ e talis , vor motavorapes 8 % - y, zoheri ts’uyts’ tal, apats’uyts’ner Stokholmi hamakhtanishi. [3]
Stockholm sindromy karogh e tesnel vorpes travmatik bonding , vory ch’i pahanjum patand sts’yenar e, bayts’ vory nkaragrum «uzhegh huzakan kapery , voronk’ zargats’nelu yerku andzants’ , vortegh mek andz yndhatumnerov harasses , tsetsum , sparrnum , ch’arashahumneri , kam sparrnum e. "[ 4] : Mek sovorabar ogtagortsvum varkatsy bats’atrel azdets’ut’yuny Stokholmi sindrom , vory himnvats e Freudian tesut’yan. Ayn arrajarkum e, vor bonding e andzi ardzagank’y vnasvatsk’ e darrnalu zoh. Bats’ahaytelu e agresor mi mijots’ e, vor ego pashtpanum e ink’n iren. Yerb zoh kartsum e, vor nuyn arzhek’nery vorpes agresori , vor dadarum e linel sparrnalik’ [5]
Tsetsi mardy sindrom e, orinak, aktivats’nelov Severrel - bonding hogebanakan mekhanizm , inch’pes naev rrazmakan himnakan usuts’man yev yeghbayrut’yan bonding e kanonadrakan [ kaskatseli - k’nnarkum : [6 ] [7 ] [8]
Stockholm hamakhtanish , vory yerbemn t’yurimats’abar koch’vum e Helsinkyan hamakhtanishi. [9] [10] Helsinki hamakhtanish aveli depk’um khmbi mtatsel yev inattentional kurut’yun e bats’asakan , vorpeszi hasnel inch’ - vor ynkalvum ogut , vory hghum e voch’ partadir Helsinkyan hamadzaynagrin vor p’vordzum e lutsel Yerkrord ashkharhamartin Sarry paterazmi larvatsut’yuny.
Bovandakut’yun
1 Patmut’yun
2 Evolyuts’ion bats’atrut’yunner
3 economics
4 Lima sindromy
5 Oslo sindromy
6 Tes naev,
7 Nota
8 References
9 Artak’in hghumner
Patmut’yun [khmbagrel]
Kreditbanken zhamy Norrmalmstorg , Stokholm, Shvedia .
Stockholm sindromy anunov e koch’vum Norrmalmstorg koghoputi Kreditbanken zhamy Norrmalmstorg Stokholmum , Shvedia, vori mi k’ani banki ashkhatakits’nery patand yen bankayin pahots’ ogostosi 23 - its’ 28 - 1973 , isk irents’ captors banakts’yel t’. Ays arrchakatumn e, vor zohery dardzan emots’ional kts’vum e irents’ captors , merzhets’ ognut’yun petakan pashtonyaneri mi ket , yev nuynisk pashtpanel irents’ captors , yerb nrank’ azatvum yen vets’ or p’vordzut’yun. [11 ]: Terminy er coined e criminologist yev hogebuyzh Nils Bejerot vorpes « Norrmalmstorgssyndromet " ( Shvederen) , sakayn da haytni dardzav vorpes « Stokholmyan sindromi » arterkrum : [ 12] ayn i skzbane nakhatesvats e hogebuyzh Frenk Ochberg ognut’yun karravarman patand iravichaknerum. [13]
Evolyuts’ion bats’atrut’yunner [khmbagrel]
Ays tesaketits’ evolyuts’ion hogebanut’yan », - mitk’y mi shark’ teghekatvakan -processing machines , voronk’ nakhagtsvats yen bnakan yntrut’yan lutsel harmarvoghakan arrjev tsarrats’ats khndirnery mer hunter- gatherer nakhninery »: [ 14]
Meky , « adaptiv khndirneri mer hunter- gatherer nakhninery », masnavorapes kanants’, er arrevangvel e mek ayl khmbi. Kyank’y mardu « shrjaka mijavayri evolyuts’ion adaptiveness » ( YeMT) , vory mtatsum , yst hetazotoghneri , inch’pisik’ yen Israyeli rrazmakan patmaban Azar Gat linel nman e, vor mi k’ani mnats’ats hunter- gatherer hasarakut’yunnerum. «Mahats’u brrnut’yun e naev parberabar aktivanum e mrts’akts’ut’yan shurj kanants’ .... Hap’shtakum kanants’ brrnabarut’yan , ... shat taratsvats ughghaki patcharrnery verartadroghakan hakamartut’yan ...» [15] gravel [16] yev unen irents’ kakhvats yerekhanery spanvel karogh arden bavakanin taratsvats : [17 ] kanayk’, ovk’yer dimadrum gravman nman iravichaknerum vtangelov yen spanel : [ 18]
Azar Gata pndum e, vor paterazmnery yev abductions ( havak’agrman ) ein bnorosh mardkayin nakhapatmut’yuny. [15 ] Yerb yntrut’yuny intensiv yev hetevoghakan , harmarvoghakan hatkanishner (orinak, Severrel - bonding ) Darrnal universal bnakch’ut’yany kam tesakneri.
Masnaki aktivats’umy gravman - bonding hogebanakan gits karogh e sut yetevum tsetsi kiny sindrom , rrazmakan bazayin dasynt’ats’ , Yeghbayrut’yan kanonadrakan yev serrakan p’vordzi , inch’pisik’ yen sadizmi / mazokhizmi kam gerut’yun / kargapahut’yan [ 6] gravel harevan ts’yegheri er hamematabar taratsvats mijots’arrum kanants’ hamar mardkut’yan patmut’yan mej, yet’ye nman ban verjin patmut’yan mej mi k’ani mnats’ats parzunak ts’yegheri. Isk vorosh ts’yegheri ( Yanomamo , orinak), gortsnakanum bolory ts’yeghin e ijnum e geru ynt’ats’k’um verjin yerek’ serundneri hamar. T’yerevs aynk’an bardzr, inch’pes meky tasy kanants’ , voronk’ arrevangvel yen yev nerarrvum yen ts’yeghin , vory gravel e nrants’ : [ 6]
Tntesagitut’yan [khmbagrel]
Hunisin 2012 t’ - in, 9 - rd mijazgayin gitazhoghov zargats’umneri veraberyal tntesagitut’yan tesut’yan yev k’aghak’akanut’yan Bilbao k’aghak’um , vory kazmakerpvel er fakulteti kirarrakan tntesagitakan Ispaniayi hamalsarani Baskeri yerkrum yev Britanakan K’yembriji kentroni tntesakan yev hasarakakan k’aghak’akanut’yan varch’ut’yan Land ekonomikayi hamalsarani K’yembrij , hayets’akargy Stokholmi sindromi nerdrvel e tntesut’yan , vkayakoch’yelov karravarut’yunnerin , voronk’ « arrevangel » e finansakan kapitali , k’ani vor irents’ petk’ e refinance petakan partk’y . Nrank’ stipel yen yndunum bardzr tokosadruyk’nery yev paymannery, voronk’ p’vokhzijman irents’ ink’nishkhanut’yuny [ Citation needed] [19 ] [ kotrvats mejberum ]
Lima sindrom [khmbagrel]
A Konvers Stokholmi sindromi , vory koch’vum e Lima sindrom e arrajarkvel , vori Arrevangoghnery zargats’nel hamakrank’y irents’ patandneri. Ka shat patcharrner, t’ye inch’u Lima Syndrome karogh e zarganal Arrevangoghnery . Yerbemn, yerb kan bazmat’iv Arrevangoghnery , mek kam aveli nrants’its’ ksksi ch’hamadzaynel , t’ye inch’ yen anum, yev azdets’ut’yuny meky myusin, kam nrank’ parzapes sksum yen zgal , vat , yev ch’yen sirty sharunakelu vnasum yen irents’ anmegh gerinerin . [20] Lima Syndrome stats’av ayn banits’ heto, arrevangman e Chaponiayi despanut’yan Lima, Peru, 1996 t’ - in, yerb andamnery rrazmakan sharzhman ein patand haryuravor mardik hachakhum kusakts’ut’yan pashtonakan nstavayrum Chaponiayi despan . Mi k’ani zham e, vor Arrevangoghnery ein azat ardzakel mets patandnerin, ayd t’vum arravel arzhek’avor yen, shnorhiv unenalu hamakrank’y nrants’ nkatmamb : [ 21] [22]
Oslo sindrom [khmbagrel]
A corollary e Stokholmi sindromi , vory arrajarkvel e K’yenet’ Levin ir 2005 grk’um Oslo Syndrome : Delusions mi Mardik pasharvats , vortegh na pndum e, vor sindromy karogh e vshtats’nel mi amboghj zhoghovrdi : [ 23] [24 ] [25 ] [ 26 ]
Stuckhulm syndrume-a, oor ceptoore-a-bundeeng, is a psychulugeecel phenumenun in vheech husteges ixpress impethy und sympethy und hefe-a puseetife-a feeleengs tooerd zeeur cepturs, sumeteemes tu zee pueent ooff deffendeeng und identeeffying veet zeem. Zeese-a feeleengs ere-a generelly cunseedered irreshunel in leeght ooff zee dunger oor reesk indoored by zee feectims, vhu issenteeelly meesteke-a a leck ooff eboose-a frum zeeur cepturs fur un ect ooff keendness.[1][2] Zee FBI's Hustege-a Berreecede-a Detebese-a System shoos thet ruooghly 8% ooff feectims shoo ifeedence-a ooff Stuckhulm syndrume-a.[3] Stuckhulm syndrume-a cun be-a seee es a furm ooff troometeec bundeeng, vheech dues nut necessereely reqooure-a a hustege-a scenereeu, boot vheech descreebes &qoout;strung imushunel teees thet defelup betveee tvu persuns vhere-a oone-a persun intermeettently heresses, beets, threetens, ebooses, oor inteemidetes zee oozeer.&qoout;[4] Oone-a cummunly used hypuzeesees tu ixpleeen zee iffffect ooff Stuckhulm syndrume-a is besed oon Freoodeeun zeeury. It sooggests thet zee bundeeng is zee indeefidooel's respunse-a tu trooma in becumeeng a feectim. Identeeffying veet zee eggressur is oone-a vey thet zee igu deffends itselff. Vhee a feectim beleeefes zee seme-a felooes es zee eggressur, zeey ceese-a tu be-a a threet.[5] Bettered-persun syndrume-a is un ixemple-a ooff ecteefeting zee ceptoore-a-bundeeng psychulugeecel mechuneesm, es ere-a meelitery beseec treeening und freterneety bundeeng by hezeeng.[doobeeuoos – deescooss].[6][7][8] Stuckhulm syndrume-a is sumeteemes irruneuoosly refferred tu es Helseenki syndrume-a.[9][10] Helseenki syndrume-a is mure-a ooff a cese-a ooff gruoop theenk und inettenshunel bleendness tu zee negeteefe-a in oorder tu echeeefe-a sume-a perceeefed beneffeet, a refference-a tu zee nun-beending Helseenki Eccurds thet ettempted tu settle-a pust VVII Culd Ver tenseeuns. Bork Bork Bork!