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False equivalence
This article is about the logical fallacy. For the media term, see False balance.
False equivalence is a logical fallacy in which two opposing arguments appear to be logically equivalent when in fact they are not. This fallacy is categorized as a fallacy of inconsistency.[1]
Characteristics Edit
A common way for this fallacy to be perpetuated is one shared trait between two subjects is assumed to show equivalence, especially in order of magnitude, when equivalence is not necessarily the logical result.[2] False equivalence is a common result when an anecdotal similarity is pointed out as equal, but the claim of equivalence doesn't bear because the similarity is based on oversimplification or ignorance of additional factors. The pattern of the fallacy is often as such: "If A is the set of c and d, and B is the set of d and e, then since they both contain d, A and B are equal". d is not required to exist in both sets; only a passing similarity is required to cause this fallacy to be used.
False equivalence arguments are often used in journalism[3][4] and in politics, where the minor flaws of one candidate may be compared to major flaws of another.[5][6]
Examples Edit
The following statements are examples of false equivalence:
"They're both living animals that metabolize chemical energy. There's no difference between a pet cat and a pet snail."
(the "equivalence" is in factors that are not relevant to the animals' suitability as pets).
"The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is no different from your neighbor dripping some oil on the ground when changing oil in his car."
(the comparison is between things differing by many orders of magnitude: Deepwater Horizon spilled 210 million US gal; 780,000 m3 of oil, your neighbor might spill perhaps a pint.)
See also Edit
Equivocation
False balance
False analogy
Whataboutism
Wronger than wrong
References
Last edited 1 month ago by an anonymous user
RELATED ARTICLES
Equivocation
misleading use of a term with more than one meaning or sense
Fallacy
argument that uses faulty reasoning
List of fallacies
Wikimedia list article
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Wikipedia Ekivalans fo Atik sa a se sou ilizyon ki lojik. Pou tèm medya a, gade Balans Fo. Ekivalans fo se yon ilizyon ki lojik nan ki de agiman opoze parèt yo dwe lojikman ekivalan lè an reyalite yo pa. Sa a se ilustrasyon kategori kòm yon ilizyon nan enkonsistans. [1] Karakteristik Edit Yon fason ki komen pou foli sa a yo dwe perpétuer se yon sèl pataj pataje ant de matyè yo sipoze montre ekivalans, espesyalman nan lòd nan mayitid, lè ekivalans se pa nesesèman rezilta a ki lojik. [2] Ekivalans fo se yon rezilta komen lè gen yon resanblans anekdotik vize egal ego, men reklamasyon an nan ekivalans pa pote paske resanblans la baze sou oversimplification oswa inyorans nan faktè adisyonèl. Modèl la nan falèz la se souvan tankou sa yo: "Si A se seri a c ak d, ak B se seri a nan d e e, Lè sa a, depi yo tou de gen D, A ak B egal." d pa oblije egziste nan tou de kouche; se sèlman yon resanblans pase ki oblije lakòz sa a ilizyon yo dwe itilize. Ekivalans fo ekivalans yo souvan itilize nan jounalis [3] [4] ak nan politik, kote defo minè yo nan yon sèl kandida yo ka konpare ak defo pi gwo nan yon lòt. [5] [6] Egzanp Edit Deklarasyon sa yo se egzanp fo ekivalans: "Yo se tou de bèt vivan ki metabolize enèji chimik. Pa gen okenn diferans ki genyen ant yon chat bèt kay ak yon kalmason bèt kay." ("ekivalans" a se nan faktè ki pa gen rapò ak konvnab bèt yo 'kòm bèt kay). "Gwo larivyè Lefrat lwil oliv Horizon se pa diferan de frè parèy ou koule kèk lwil oliv sou tè a lè chanje lwil oliv nan machin li." (konparezon an se ant bagay diferan pa lòd anpil nan mayitid: Deepwater Horizon koule 210 milyon dola US gal; 780,000 m3 nan lwil oliv, frè parèy ou ta ka gaye petèt yon pent.) Gade tou Edit Ekivalans Fo balans Fo analoji Ki jan Wronger pase mal Referans Dènye modifye 1 mwa de sa pa yon itilizatè anonim ATANSYON ENTÈNÈT Ekivalans sèvi ak misye nan yon tèm ki gen plis pase yon sèl sans oswa sans Tonbe agiman ki itilize defo rezònman Lis iluzyon Lis Wikimedia lis Wikipedia Contenu disponib sou CC BY-SA 3.0 sof si te note. Regleman pou ItilizePrivacyDesktop