Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
Ah, so you like the Old Testament? Jesus didn't like parts of it. But it's nice that you do.
Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
Ah, so you like the Old Testament? Jesus didn't like parts of it. But it's nice that you do.
Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
I try and be tolerant of other people and their views, but people like D2D make it really hard. I recommend for you all to read this link before interacting with him.
I try and be tolerant of other people and their views, but people like D2D make it really hard. I recommend for you all to read this link before interacting with him.
لقد سمع الجميع ذلك ، والكثير من الناس يعتقدون ذلك، وحتى بعض أعتقد أنه يستقر كله النقاش السيطرة على السلاح . ( بعد كل شيء ، وهذا هو السبب في أنه من شعار سلطة المصادر الطبيعية ، و التي تجعل الناس و التلويح على ملصقات وبعد ذلك إلى ما لا نهاية في الفيسبوك. ) الآخرين، ومع ذلك ، أعتقد أن حجة أمر فظيع . ومن المثير للاهتمام ، ولكن ، لا أستطيع إيجاد توافق في الآراء بشأن الصلبة ما هو بالضبط الخطأ في ذلك . يظن البعض أنه يطرح السؤال ، والبعض الآخر اعتقد انه equivocates ، لا يزال يرى آخرون أنها مجرد يبسط هذه القضية. بالتالي ، لا سيما وأن منطقي ، اعتقد انها حجة يستحق بعض الفحص.
مقالات ذات صلة قتل الأطفال و المجتمع الذي لن قانون ما تعلمناه عن القتل الهيجان 20 الاطفال في نيوتاون : 116385 الاطفال قتل منذ عام 1979 البنادق كبار السن ' قتل أطفالنا لا وسائل الإعلام العنف يولد القتل واقع الحياة ؟ العثور على المعالج بحث عن المهنية الصحة النفسية بالقرب منك .
العثور المحلي: بالإبر تقويم العمود الفقري تدليك أطباء الأسنان وأكثر من ذلك !
البعض قد لا تريد أن تقرأ أي زيادة ، ويعتقد أنه باستخدام مأساة هوك ساندي أن يجادل ل وائح بندقية أنا تسييس هذه المأساة . هناك بضعة أشياء أن أقول ردا على ذلك. أولا ، أنا لن يجادل لصالح أو ضد الأنظمة بندقية . أنا ببساطة الذهاب الى دراسة هذه الحجة. قد تكون هناك حجج جيدة ضد تنظيم السلاح، أو لا يجوز هناك. كل ما أريد معرفته هو ما إذا كانت هذه الحجة هي واحدة . ثانيا، فكرة أن التداعيات السياسية ل مأساة لا ينبغي مناقشتها في أعقاب هذه المأساة هو في حد ذاته المغالطات . نحن بحاجة للتأكد من رؤوسنا واضحة عاطفيا قبل وجود نقاش جدي ، ولكن ليس من الاحترام لضحايا مأساة لمناقشة السبل الممكنة أننا قد تجنب مآس مماثلة . الى جانب ذلك، المآسي مثل ساندي هوك أصبحت الآن شائعة جدا انه اذا لم يسمح لنا للحديث عن اللوائح بندقية في أعقاب مثل هذه المآسي ، ونحن لن يسمح لهم بالتحدث عن ذلك على الإطلاق . والحق يقال ، فإن الفكرة القائلة بأن لا ينبغي للمرء الحديث عن مثل هذه الأمور بعد مأساة هو مفهوم سياسي في حد ذاته - واحد التي اخترعها تلك الأنظمة ضد السلاح لأنهم يعرفون أن الناس أكثر لصالح لوائح بندقية بعد هذه المآسي.
لذلك دعونا ننتقل إلى حجة نفسها : " البنادق لا تقتل الناس ، والناس تقتل الناس . " أول شيء نلاحظه هو أن الحجة لا يوجد لديه استنتاج المعلنة. ما يلي ؟ منذ عادة ما يعطى حجة في سياق مناقشة حول تنظيم السلاح، من قبل دعاة بندقية ، وأفترض ختام لديها ما تفعله مع ذلك. ولكن ما هو بالضبط ؟ يجب أن يكون هناك تنظيم بندقية على الإطلاق؟ التي يجب أن لا يكون هناك مزيد من تنظيم بندقية من هناك ؟ أن الزيادة في عمليات القتل الجماعي فعلت مع المدافع لا يهم ما إذا كان أو لا يجب أن تكون هناك لوائح بندقية ؟ من يدري؟ و حجة من دون نتيجة واضحة لا يكاد حجة على الإطلاق.
في أي حال ، لا يهم لأنه لا يوجد استنتاج حول تنظيم بندقية يلي منطقيا من هذه التصريحات اثنين. أن نفهم لماذا ، اسمحوا لي توضيح الفرق بين الأسباب في نهاية المطاف، وسيطة، و الداني . النظر في الكلمات التي تبحث في الوقت الحالي. ما " تسبب " في الكلمات ل تظهر لأنها هي التي تظهر لك الآن؟ كنت قد أقول إنني ، المؤلف ، لم - ولكن هذا ليس كل القصة . القصة كلها طويلة و تشمل أصابع بلدي كتابة على المفاتيح ، وإنشاء مستند مايكروسوفت وورد ، لي بالإرسال الكلمات على بلدي بلوق، وما إلى ذلك هناك فترة طويلة " السلسلة السببية " واقفا بين نيتي أن اكتب هذه الكلمات و الانبعاثات من الضوء من الشاشة ل عينيك. السلسلة السببية يبدأ معي - وأنا السبب في نهاية المطاف. روابط اخرى لاحقة في سلسلة بلدي الكتابة، منشورات جستن ، الخاص النقر هي " أسباب وسيطة "، و التي ينبعث منها ضوء من الشاشة هو السبب و الداني الشيء أو الحدث الأكثر فورا مسؤولة عن تجربتك الحالية .
حجة قيد النظر ويوضح أنه عندما يتعلق الأمر جرائم القتل ، والناس هي السبب الأساسي و البنادق هي مجرد الأسباب المباشرة - نهاية السلسلة السببية التي بدأت مع شخص البت في القتل. ولكن لا شيء من هذه الحقائق التالي حول ما إذا كان أو لم يكن البنادق ينبغي تنظيم . مثل هذه الحقائق صحيحة لجميع الأنشطة الإجرامية ، وحتى النشاط غير الجنائية أن يضر الآخرين : تم العثور على السبب الأساسي في بعض القرارات التي جعلت شخص ، وكان حدث أو نشاط أو الكائن الذي فعل معظم مباشرة إيذاء سوى السبب المباشر . ولكن هذا يقول لنا شيئا حول ما إذا كان أو لم يكن السبب المباشر في مسألة ينبغي تنظيم أو يصبح غير قانوني . على سبيل المثال، النظر في الحجة التالية :
" بازوكا لا تقتل الناس ، والناس تقتل الناس . "
على الرغم من أنه من الواضح أن هذا صحيح البازوكا هي الأسباب المباشرة فقط ، فإنه لا يتبع بوضوح أن البازوكا يجب أن تكون قانونية. نعم، البازوكا لا تقتل الناس ، والناس ، ولكن البازوكا جعلها أسهل كثيرا للناس ل قتل الناس ، وبأعداد كبيرة. علاوة على ذلك، فإن بازوكا لا يكون مفيدا ل أشياء أخرى كثيرة إلى جانب القتل الجماعي . البازوكا بشكل واضح وينبغي أن تكون غير قانونية ، وحقيقة أنها ستكون الأسباب المباشرة ل عمليات القتل الجماعي فقط لا يغير هذا . في الحقيقة، هو خارج السياق تماما للقضية ، بل له علاقة بحقيقة أنها ينبغي أن تكون غير قانونية لا شيء. لماذا؟ لأن الأمور الأخرى هي الأسباب المباشرة ل زوال الناس، ولكن من الواضح لا ينبغي أن يكون غير قانوني. على سبيل المثال ، والنظر في هذه الحجة (بالنظر في أعقاب حادث سيارة سيئة) :
"سيارات ولا تقتلوا الناس ، والناس تقتل الناس . "
من الواضح أن السيارات لا تكون غير قانونية، ولكن لاحظ أن هذا له علاقة مع حقيقة أنها هي الأسباب المباشرة شيئا. بطبيعة الحال ، لا ينبغي أن ينظم ، ويجب ألا يسمح لي بالذهاب إلى الطريق السريع في سيارة مع عدم وجود الفرامل. ولكن كل ذلك لا علاقة له بما السيارات هي ل (وليس أنها مصنوعة ل قتل الناس ) ، ما هو الدور الذي تلعبه في المجتمع (لا يمكن أن تعمل بدونها ) ، الخ انها معقدة قضية واحدة التي لافتا إلى أن أن السيارات هي مجرد الأسباب المباشرة ل بعض الوفيات يساهم شيئا.
لذلك من الواضح أن حجة قيد النظر، و أية حجة أخرى يشير إلى أن مجرد البنادق هي الأسباب المباشرة (على سبيل المثال ، " التوقف عن إلقاء اللوم على البنادق والبدء في إلقاء اللوم على شخص ") هي المغالطات . لأن الناس لا يمكن أن يبدو للموافقة على ما مغالطة تستخدم مثل هذه الحجج، وأود أن تعطي اسما ل هذا الخطأ لقد حددت داخلها : " مغالطة ظنا أهمية العلاقة السببية المباشرة ".
لذلك ، ينبغي أن تكون جميع الاسلحة غير القانونية ؟ بعد كل شيء، مثل بازوكا ، فإنها لا تجعل قتل الناس في كتلة أسهل لإنجاز. ثم مرة أخرى، مثل السيارات ، وذلك باستخدام لهم للقتل الجماعي ليست وظيفتها المقصود. يتفق معظم الناس على أنه ينبغي على الأقل أن ينظم ( على الأقل ، ومعظم أعتقد أن جميع مبيعات السلاح ينبغي أن يتطلب ذلك فحص الخلفية ) . ولكن كيف بدقة يجب أن يتم تنظيم ؟ ربما صارم جدا . بعد كل شيء، وتنص لوائح أكثر صرامة لديهم بندقية بندقية الوفيات المرتبطة أقل. ثم مرة أخرى ، قد تكون هناك قضايا فلسفية تتعلق بحماية الحرية التي رابحة مثل هذه المخاوف النفعية . انها مسألة معقدة .
وهذا هو وجهة نظري : انها مسألة معقدة . هناك الكثير من العوامل ذات الصلة المعنية، ولكن الحقيقة أن البنادق هي الأسباب المباشرة ليست واحدة منها. لذا في المرة القادمة يقتبس شعار سلطة المصادر الطبيعية ، " البنادق لا تقتل الناس ، والناس تقتل الناس ، " في محاولة لانهاء النقاش حول السيطرة على السلاح ، والقيام لي معروفا : نشير إلى أن لديهم " مخطئ أهمية العلاقة السببية المباشرة " وقفة لفترة وجيزة للتمتع نظرة مرتبكة على وجوههم ، ثم شرح بصبر مغالطة لهم.
الاشتراك في علم النفس اليوم الآن والحصول على قضية مجانا! 22 تعليقات القراء الانضمام إلى مناقشة هنا !
I try and be tolerant of other people and their views, but people like D2D make it really hard. I recommend for you all to read this link before interacting with him.
I don't need to be lectured on love by people that don't understand it.
I try and be tolerant of other people and their views, but people like D2D make it really hard. I recommend for you all to read this link before interacting with him.
Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
I like this one better. Psalm 137:9
Happy is the one who seizes your infants and dashes them against the rocks.
Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
Ah, so you like the Old Testament? Jesus didn't like parts of it. But it's nice that you do.
Jesus said the Old Testament is the irrefutable work of the LORD
Matthew: 19. When Jesus had finished saying these things, he left Galilee and went into the region of Judea to the other side of the Jordan. Large crowds followed him, and he healed them there. Some Pharisees came to him to test him. They asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife for any and every reason?” “Haven’t you read,” he replied, “that at the beginning the Creator ‘made them male and female,’and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’? So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
“Why then,” they asked, “did Moses command that a man give his wife a certificate of divorce and send her away?” Jesus replied, “Moses permitted you to divorce your wives because your hearts were hard. But it was not this way from the beginning. I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another woman commits adultery.”
The disciples said to him, “If this is the situation between a husband and wife, it is better not to marry?” Jesus replied, “Not everyone can accept this word, but only those to whom it has been given. For there are eunuchs who were born that way, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by others—and there are those who choose to live like eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. The one who can accept this should accept it.”
Great uplifting verse, brother! My personal favorite:
2 Kings 2:23-25 (New International Version)
23 From there Elisha went up to Bethel. As he was walking along the road, some boys came out of the town and jeered at him. “Get out of here, baldy!” they said. “Get out of here, baldy!” 24 He turned around, looked at them and called down a curse on them in the name of the Lord. Then two bears came out of the woods and mauled forty-two of the boys. 25 And he went on to Mount Carmel and from there returned to Samaria.
What a loving and rational god we worship!! Halle-fucking-lujah
It's just an ancient book of Jewish folklore.
That's why I'm not Jewish.
“Did not Moses give you the law, and yet none of you keepeth the law" (John7:19)
“...the scripture cannot be broken.” --Jesus Christ, John 10:35
"All scripture is inspired by God and is useful for teaching, for refutation, for correction, and for training in righteousness..." (2 Timothy 3:16 NAB)
You cherry picking which parts of the Bible are valid is hilarious.
Everyone's heard it, a lot of people believe it, and some even think it settles the whole gun control debate. (After all, that’s why it’s the NRA’s slogan, and why people brandish it on bumper stickers and post it endlessly on facebook.) Others, however, think the argument is terrible. Interestingly, however, I can’t find a solid consensus regarding what exactly is wrong with it. Some think it begs the question, others think it equivocates, still others think it merely oversimplifies the issue. Consequently, especially as a logician, I think it’s an argument worth some examination.
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Some might not want to read any further, thinking that by using the Sandy Hook tragedy to argue for gun regulations I am politicizing that tragedy. There are a couple of things to say in response. First, I'm not going to argue for or against gun regulations. I am simply going to examine this argument. There may still be good arguments against gun regulation, or there may not. All I want to know is whether or not this argument is one. Secondly, the notion that the political ramifications of a tragedy should not be discussed in the wake of that tragedy is itself fallacious. We do need to make sure our heads are emotionally clear before having a serious discussion, but it is not disrespectful to the victims of a tragedy to discuss possible ways that we might avoid similar tragedies. Besides, tragedies such as Sandy Hook have now become so common that if we are not allowed to speak about gun regulations in the wake of such tragedies, we will never be allowed to speak about it at all. Truth be told, the notion that one shouldn't talk about such things after a tragedy is a political notion itself – one invented by those against gun regulations because they know that people are more in favor of gun regulations after such tragedies.
So let us turn to the argument itself: “Guns don’t kill people; people kill people.” The first thing to notice is that the argument has no stated conclusion. What follows? Since the argument is usually given in the context of a discussion about gun regulation, by gun advocates, I assume the conclusion has something to do with that. But what exactly? That there should be no gun regulation at all? That there should not be more gun regulation than there is? That the increase in mass killings done with guns is irrelevant to whether or not there should be gun regulations? Who knows? And an argument without an obvious conclusion is hardly an argument at all.
In any event, it doesn't matter because no conclusion about gun regulation logically follows from these two statements. To understand why, let me articulate the difference between ultimate, intermediate, and proximate causes. Consider the words you are looking at right now. What "caused" the words to appear as they are appearing to you right now? You might say that I, the author, did – but that is not the whole story. The whole story is long and includes my fingers typing on a keyboard, the creation of an MSWord document, me posting the words on my blog, etc. There is a long "causal chain" standing between my intention to type these words and the emission of light from your screen to your eyes. The causal chain starts with me – I am the ultimate cause. Other subsequent links in the chain—my typing, Justin’s postings, your clicking—are “intermediate causes." And the light emitting from your screen is the proximate cause—the thing or event most immediately responsible for your current experience.
The argument under consideration clarifies that, when it comes to murders, people are the ultimate cause and guns are merely proximate causes – the end of a causal chain that started with a person deciding to murder. But nothing follows from these facts about whether or not guns should be regulated. Such facts are true for all criminal activity, and even noncriminal activity that harms others: The ultimate cause is found in some decision that a person made; the event, activity or object that most directly did the harming was only a proximate cause. But this tells us nothing about whether or not the proximate cause in question should be regulated or made illegal. For example, consider the following argument:
"Bazookas don't kill people; people kill people."
Although it is obviously true that bazookas are only proximate causes, it clearly does not follow that bazookas should be legal. Yes, bazookas don't kill people, people do—but bazookas make it a lot easier for people to kill people, and in great numbers. Further, a bazooka would not be useful for much else besides mass murders. Bazookas clearly should be illegal and the fact that they would only be proximate causes to mass murders does not change this. In fact, it is totally irrelevant to the issue; it has nothing to do the fact that they should be illegal. Why? Because other things are proximate causes to people’s demise, but obviously shouldn’t be illegal. For example, consider this argument (given in the aftermath of a bad car accident):
"Cars don't kill people; people kill people."
Obviously cars should not be illegal, but notice that this has nothing to do with the fact that they are proximate causes. Of course, they should be regulated; I shouldn't be allowed to go onto the highway in a car with no brakes. But all of that has to do what cars are for (they are not made for killing people), what role they play in society (it couldn't function without them), etc. It's a complicated issue—one to which pointing out that that cars are merely proximate causes to some deaths contributes nothing.
So clearly the argument under consideration, and any other argument that merely points out that guns are proximate causes (e.g., "stop blaming the guns and start blaming the person") is fallacious. Since people can't seem to agree on what fallacy such arguments employ, I would like to give a name to the mistake I have identified within them: "the fallacy of mistaking the relevance of proximate causation."
So, should all guns be illegal? After all, like the bazooka, they do make killing people in mass easier to accomplish. Then again, like cars, using them for mass murder is not their intended function. Most people agree that they should at least be regulated (at the least, most think that all gun sales should require a background check). But how strictly should they be regulated? Perhaps very strictly. After all, states with stricter gun regulations have fewer gun related deaths. Then again, there may be philosophical issues related to the protection of liberty that trump such utilitarian concerns. It’s a complicated issue.
And that’s my point: It’s a complicated issue. There are lots of relevant factors involved, but the fact that guns are proximate causes isn't one of them. So the next time quotes the NRA slogan, "Guns don't kill people; people kill people," in an attempt to end a discussion about gun control, do me a favor: point out that they have “mistaken the relevance of proximate causation,” pause briefly to enjoy the confused look on their face, and then patiently explain the fallacy to them.
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I don't understand any of this, but if you want to ban my guns, I deem you a faggot. Simple.
Comments
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x2WK_eWihdU&feature=player_detailpageI will pray for you.
Exactly.
http://m.wikihow.com/Communicate-with-a-Mentally-Challenged-Person
اللعنة تذهب نفسك
Great accurate meme, as always.
Happy is the one who seizes your infants
and dashes them against the rocks.
“Did not Moses give you the law, and yet none of you keepeth the law" (John7:19)
“...the scripture cannot be broken.” --Jesus Christ, John 10:35
"All scripture is inspired by God and is useful for teaching, for refutation, for correction, and for training in righteousness..." (2 Timothy 3:16 NAB)
You cherry picking which parts of the Bible are valid is hilarious.
Now, please go fuck yourself. Merry Christmas.
Mazel tov